Property
Identity 房产信息
listing_id / platform / name_zh / name_en
Platform-native listing ID, source platform name, and
bilingual property title — Chinese (UTF-8) and English normalised. Cross-platform deduplication uses
community name (小区名) + floor level + unit configuration as a composite key — necessary because Chinese
portals allow the same unit to be listed simultaneously by multiple brokers with inconsistent naming
conventions.
"name_zh": "静安区三居室南北通透", "platform": "lianjia"
Property
Identity 房产信息
district / subdistrict / community_name_zh
Administrative district (区), subdistrict (街道/镇), and
residential community name (小区) in Simplified Chinese. The 小区 (community/compound) is the core
geographic unit of Chinese residential real estate analysis — not the building or street address.
Community-level price benchmarking, absorption analysis, and inventory tracking all require accurate
community name normalisation across platforms.
"district": "静安区 Jing'an", "community": "静安别墅"
Property
Identity 房产信息
city / city_tier / province
City in bilingual format, China city-tier classification
(一线 Tier 1: Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Guangzhou; 新一线 New Tier 1: Chengdu, Hangzhou, Wuhan, etc.; 二线
Tier 2; 三线 Tier 3+), and province. City tier is a fundamental classification for Chinese real estate
investment analysis — pricing dynamics, purchase restrictions, and mortgage policy differ dramatically
across tiers.
"city": "Shanghai 上海", "tier": 1, "province":
"Shanghai"
Property
Identity 房产信息
gcj02_coords / wgs84_coords / gaode_poi_id
GCJ-02 (China's mandatory Mars Coordinate System) and
WGS-84 coordinates for the property's residential community, plus AutoNavi (高德地图) POI ID. GCJ-02 is
required for accurate pin placement on all Chinese mapping services — Baidu Maps, Gaode Maps, WeChat
Maps. WGS-84 alone produces 50–500m positional errors in China, making community-level proximity
analysis unreliable without the correct coordinate system.
"gcj02": [31.2282, 121.457], "gaode_poi":
"B0FFJAN012"
Property
Identity 房产信息
property_type / ownership_type / land_use_years
Property type (普通住宅 ordinary residential, 公寓 apartment,
别墅 villa, 商住两用 mixed commercial-residential) and land use rights remaining years. Land use rights
(土地使用权) in China expire after 70 years for residential — a property with 35 years remaining on a 70-year
lease trades at a significant discount to a new-build with full tenure. Remaining land use years is a
China-critical valuation input absent from Western real estate schemas.
"type": "普通住宅", "land_years_remaining": 58
Property
Identity 房产信息
completion_year / building_age / decoration_standard
Year the building was completed, calculated building age
in years, and decoration standard (毛坯 bare concrete shell, 简装 basic finish, 精装 premium finish, 豪装 luxury
finish). Decoration standard is a major price variable in Chinese residential — a 精装修 unit in Shanghai
commands a ¥10,000–30,000/sqm premium over an equivalent 毛坯 unit in the same community, and comparisons
are meaningless without this field.
"completion_year": 2018, "decoration": "精装"
Pricing (CNY)
价格
asking_price_cny / price_per_sqm_cny /
price_per_usable_sqm_cny
Asking price in CNY absolute, price per sqm on total
building area (建筑面积), and price per sqm on usable interior area (套内面积). Chinese listings quote prices
per sqm of building area as the standard — but the usable area is typically 75–85% of total area due to
common area loading. Both metrics are essential for accurate cross-listing comparison and AVM
development for the Chinese market.
"price_cny": 15800000, "psm_cny": 126400
Pricing (CNY)
价格
total_area_sqm / usable_area_sqm / common_area_ratio
Total building area (建筑面积), usable interior area (套内面积),
and the common area loading ratio (公摊系数 — typically 15–25% for high-rises, up to 40% for
commercial-residential mixed buildings). The public area loading is a persistent source of consumer
disputes in China — the spread between listed building area and actual usable area directly impacts true
cost per sqm of liveable space.
"total_sqm": 125.0, "usable_sqm": 112.5, "ratio":
0.10
Pricing (CNY)
价格
transaction_ref_price_cny / ref_price_discount_pct
Government-mandated transaction reference price (成交参考价)
per sqm and the discount percentage of the current asking price relative to this reference. Tier 1
cities including Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Beijing have introduced reference prices that
mortgage banks use as the loan valuation ceiling — even when properties transact above reference price,
mortgages are calculated on the lower reference figure, creating a structural cap on leverage-driven
demand.
"ref_price_psm": 98000, "ask_vs_ref_pct": +29.0
Pricing (CNY)
价格
price_history_cny[] / price_30d_change_pct
Time-series CNY asking price data going back up to 24
months, essential for tracking Chinese real estate price cycles across city tiers, monitoring developer
discount campaigns, and detecting motivated seller price reductions in Tier 2–3 city markets where
listing-to-transaction price spreads can exceed 15%. Each price record is timestamped in CST with
platform and district context.
"price_30d_change_pct": -3.2
Pricing (CNY)
价格
days_on_market / list_date_cst / last_updated_cst
Number of days since first listed and the original
listing date in CST. Days on market is a primary liquidity signal in Chinese secondary market real
estate — a Shanghai 3BR at 90+ DOM in a 30-DOM district signals overpricing or a motivated seller.
Lianjia and Beike listings refresh automatically, making this field impossible to compute without
continuous live scraping and timestamp tracking.
"dom": 22, "list_date_cst": "2025-05-13"
Pricing (CNY)
价格
last_transaction_price_cny / last_tx_date /
tx_record_source
Most recent registered transaction price from local
housing authority records (住房管理局成交备案) where publicly available via municipal housing platforms. The
spread between the last registered transaction price and the current asking price is the most reliable
indicator of seller expectation in the Chinese resale market — and detecting unusual spreads in either
direction flags both bargains and overpriced outliers.
"last_tx_cny": 12400000, "tx_date": "2022-08-15"
Property
Features 房屋特征
rooms_config / room_layout_zh
Chinese room configuration in the standard 室厅卫
(bedroom-living-bathroom) format and descriptive layout string. China uses a distinct room
classification system from Western real estate — a 3室2厅2卫 (3 bedrooms, 2 living areas, 2 bathrooms) is
the standard Tier 1 family unit, and layout configuration is the primary search filter on all Chinese
property portals. Accurate parsing requires China-specific schema design.
"rooms": "3室2厅2卫", "bedrooms": 3
Property
Features 房屋特征
floor_number / total_floors / floor_category
Floor level, total building floors, and Chinese floor
category classification (低楼层 low: 1–4F, 中楼层 mid: 5–9F, 高楼层 high: 10F+). Floor premium in Chinese
high-rise residential is significant — units above the 20th floor in Tier 1 cities command 5–15%
premiums, while ground and 2nd floor units are discounted 10–20%. Top-floor penthouses carry unique 阁楼
(attic) valuations.
"floor": 14, "total_floors": 28, "floor_cat": "高楼层"
Property
Features 房屋特征
orientation / north_south_through / natural_light
Unit orientation (South-facing 南向, North-South
Through-Flat 南北通透, East-facing 东向) and natural light rating. South-facing and through-ventilation (南北通透)
are the highest-value orientation attributes in Chinese residential real estate — commanding 5–12%
premiums over equivalent North-facing units in the same community. This preference is deeply embedded in
Chinese buyer behaviour and must be captured for accurate AVM development.
"orientation": "南北通透", "south_facing": true
Property
Features 房屋特征
amenities[] / property_mgmt_standard
Full list of community amenities extracted from listing
pages — underground parking, swimming pool, gymnasium, landscaped gardens, children's play area, 24-hour
security, concierge, EV charging points, community store. Property management standard (物业管理 — 普通
standard, 品质 quality, 高端 premium) and the management company name are significant premium drivers in
Chinese residential — a top-tier property management company adds 5–15% to community-level valuations.
"amenities": ["underground_parking", "gym",
"ev_charging"]
Property
Features 房屋特征
parking_spaces / parking_type / parking_price_cny
Number of allocated parking spaces, type (underground
地下车库, surface 地面, mechanical lift 机械车位), and purchase or lease price in CNY. In Tier 1 Chinese cities,
underground parking spaces sell for ¥200,000–800,000 separately and are frequently excluded from listing
prices. This field enables total acquisition cost calculation and parking space market analysis
alongside residential property data.
"parking_spaces": 1, "type": "地下车库", "price_cny":
320000
Market
Intelligence 市场数据
district_median_psm_cny / district_price_trend_pct
Current median price per sqm (building area) for the
property's district and 90-day price trend percentage. District-level market data contextualises every
individual listing — enabling instant comparison of a property's asking rate against its micro-market
median. Essential for identifying underpriced listings and overpriced outliers across Tier 1 city
districts and emerging Tier 2 city markets.
"district_median_psm": 98000, "trend_90d_pct": -2.1
Market
Intelligence 市场数据
active_inventory_district / months_of_supply
Active listing count and months of supply (去化周期) for the
property's district and room configuration. Months of supply is the primary market health indicator in
Chinese real estate — below 6 months signals a seller's market; above 18 months in a Tier 2 city signals
inventory overhang. This live market signal requires continuous scraping and is unavailable from any
static Chinese property data source.
"inventory_district": 1840, "months_supply": 8.4
Market
Intelligence 市场数据
avg_dom_district / listing_to_transaction_price_ratio
Average days on market for recently sold comparable
properties in the district and the listing-to-transaction price ratio (成交/挂牌). In China's secondary
residential market, the listing-to-transaction price ratio varies dramatically by city — Shanghai
typically transacts within 5% of asking price in strong markets; Tier 3 cities may see 15–20%
negotiation discounts. This ratio is a critical input for price estimation and buyer negotiation
strategy tools.
"avg_dom": 38, "lp_to_sp_ratio": 0.94
Market
Intelligence 市场数据
metro_distance_m / key_poi_distances /
school_district_flag
Distance to the nearest metro station in metres,
distances to key POIs (hospitals, shopping malls, parks), and whether the property falls within a
top-ranked school district (学区房). School district property (学区房) is one of the most powerful premium
drivers in Chinese Tier 1 and Tier 2 cities — 学区房 units command premiums of 20–100% over equivalent
non-学区 properties in the same community, making this flag essential for accurate AVM modelling in
Chinese cities.
"metro_m": 450, "xuequfang": true, "school":
"静安区重点小学"
Rental
Intelligence 租赁数据
rent_estimate_monthly_cny / rental_yield_pct
Market rent estimate in CNY/month derived from
comparable active rental listings on Ziroom, Beike, 58.com, and Danke for the same district, room
configuration, and decoration standard. Gross rental yield calculated as annual rent divided by asking
price — a critical investment return metric for Chinese residential where gross yields of 1.5–3.5% in
Tier 1 cities reflect the market's capital-appreciation rather than income-driven investment thesis.
"rent_est_cny": 28000, "gross_yield_pct": 2.1
Rental
Intelligence 租赁数据
deposit_months / rent_payment_cycle
Security deposit in months of rent and payment cycle
(押一付三 1-month deposit 3-month advance, 押一付一 monthly). Chinese rental deposit norms vary by city and
platform — Ziroom typically requires a one-month deposit on long-term leases while traditional rentals
may require 押二付三 (2-month deposit, 3-month advance), a significant upfront capital requirement invisible
in monthly rent figures.
"deposit_months": 1, "payment_cycle": "押一付三"
Rental
Intelligence 租赁数据
property_mgmt_fee_cny / heating_fee_cny
Monthly property management fee in CNY/sqm and annual
district heating fee (applicable in northern China cities: Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang, Harbin). Property
management fees in Chinese high-quality communities run ¥4–12/sqm/month and are a significant ongoing
ownership cost. Northern China heating fees (暖气费) are an additional annual cost of ¥2,000–8,000 per unit
that significantly impacts total occupancy cost calculations.
"mgmt_fee_psm_cny": 8.5, "heating_annual_cny": 4200
Agent &
Developer Data 中介开发商
agent_name_zh / agency_name_zh / listing_type
Listing agent name, agency or brokerage name (Lianjia,
21st Century Real Estate, Centaline China, local boutique brokerages), and listing type (二手房 resale, 新房
new development, 租房 rental, 法拍房 court auction). Agent data enables brokerage market share analysis
across Chinese cities and monitoring of which agencies dominate listing inventory in specific districts
— critical for PropTech B2B intelligence products serving the Chinese market.
"agency_zh": "链家", "type": "二手房"
Agent &
Developer Data 中介开发商
developer_name_zh / developer_rating / developer_tier
Developer (开发商) name in Chinese and English, independent
credit/reputation rating, and developer tier (央企 central state-owned, 地方国企 local state-owned, 百强民企
top-100 private developer, 地方民企 local private developer). Developer tier is a critical purchase signal
in Chinese new-home markets — following the Evergrande and Country Garden crises, buyer preference has
shifted dramatically toward safer 央企 developers, creating measurable premium differentials across
developer categories.
"developer_zh": "万科", "tier": "百强民企"
China-Specific
中国特有
presale_permit_number / permit_issue_date
Pre-sale permit (预售许可证) number and issue date for
new-build developments (新房). All Chinese new-build residential projects must obtain a pre-sale permit
from the local housing authority before marketing units — the permit specifies the number of approved
units and valid sale period. Pre-sale permit issuance is the earliest reliable signal of new project
inventory entering the market, 4–8 weeks before developer marketing campaigns typically launch.
"presale_permit": "沪房地浦字(2025)第0048号"
China-Specific
中国特有
deed_tax_cny / deed_tax_rate_pct
Calculated deed tax (契税) in CNY and applicable rate
percentage. China's deed tax is 1% for first-home buyers purchasing apartments under 90sqm, 1.5% for
first-home buyers above 90sqm, and 3% for second-home buyers — rates differ by city for certain purchase
scenarios. Including deed tax in the data schema enables total transaction cost calculation essential
for mortgage origination, investment return modelling, and buyer cost transparency tools.
"deed_tax_cny": 237000, "rate_pct": 1.5
China-Specific
中国特有
purchase_restriction_flag / hukou_requirement /
home_count_limit
Whether purchase restriction (限购) policies apply to the
district or city, whether a local hukou (户口) is required to purchase, and the maximum number of homes a
household can own in this city. China's residential purchase restriction system is the primary demand
management tool — in Beijing and Shanghai, non-local hukou holders must have paid social insurance for
5+ years to qualify. This field defines the eligible buyer pool size for any given listing.
"restriction": true, "hukou_req": true, "max_homes":
1
China-Specific
中国特有
lpr_mortgage_rate_pct / min_down_payment_pct /
mortgage_base_rate
Current applicable mortgage interest rate as a function
of the LPR (Loan Prime Rate 贷款市场报价利率) for the city and purchase scenario, minimum down payment
percentage, and national mortgage base rate. Mortgage conditions in China vary by city tier,
first/second-home status, and PBOC policy cycle. These fields enable full affordability analysis and
loan-to-value calculations — required for mortgage origination platforms and real estate investment
return modelling.
"lpr_rate_pct": 3.95, "min_down_pct": 20,
"first_home": true
